By the 1580s, the relationship between England and Spain was at its lowest point and the tension was at boiling point. The Netherlands had been part of the Spanish empire since the 1550s. [A range of examples and wide-ranging knowledge really help explore the extent of this problem facing Elizabeth.]. Mary became the inspiration for frequent revolts and rebellions, as it suddenly appeared possible that Elizabeth could be realistically replaced by a legitimate Catholic heir. The threat posed by the pretenders Perkin Warbeck and Lambert Simnel. England had lost the last of her territories in France during the reign of Mary, when Calais was lost. English Catholic Francis Throckmorton was the link of communication within this plan. One last thing to consider was the fact that Elizabeth was unmarried and childless. Francis Drake led an attack at Cadiz on the Spanish fleet, who were preparing for an invasion of the English. Another extremely important problem Elizabeth faced were the threats from the Auld Alliance of France and Scotland, two Catholic countries that England was sandwiched between. This plot was supported by the Pope and King Phillip II, who agreed to provide troops for a Spanish invasion. - Significant political threat as her legitimacy and gender led to people not accepting her as queen. - Overall, I think the threat of invasion was one of Elizabeth's problems when she became queen as both Spain and France were powerful countries who had reasons to invade England and this was increased as Spain and France could unite against Protestant England. Answer:Despite initially being a threat to England, civil war in France from 1562 meant the French monarchs were too preoccupied with home affairs to pose a thr eye27 eye27 11.05.2020 When Elizabeth came to the throne in 1558 her people were divided by religion. Spain did not control a deep water port where the Armada could anchor safely and this left them extremely vulnerable to an attack while it waited for Parmas troops to escape the Dutch blockade. The loss of ships, weapons and supplies were proving incredibly costly for Spain as these needed to be replaced and obtaining fresh supplies put a strain on Spains finances. Stimulus = Anne Boleyn / The threat from France, [Examiner commentary following each paragraph and at the end is provided in italics], ____________________________________________________. -In 1558, Elizabeth the first became queen. Many expected a decisive battle between Henry II and Philip II. Describe two features of Mary Queen of Scots' threat to Elizabeth I. As such, the Catholic community cited both religious and legal reasons why Elizabeth had no right to be Queen, which made her accession extremely problematic. Calais was a French port which the English had occupied and was responsible for 80% of wool exports. Topic guides / Financial Weakness She was 300,000 in debt. This pleased those eager for her to marry, but made many unhappy because they did not want her to marry a French Catholic. Best Answer. The Duke of Norfolk was arrested and executed however Mary was not punished beyond her supervision being made tighter. Italian bankers from Genoa had lent Philip II money to fund his campaign in the Netherlands (which was trying to put down the Dutch Revolt). France however, thought her intention was to create war between France and Spain while England looked on. J. Explain why Elizabeth faced many problems upon ascending to the throne in 1558 . The lack of money was problematic because it meant England was potentially vulnerable to attack (and Elizabeth had no means by which to defend the country militarily). English direct involvement in the Netherlands, 1585-88. In 1568, Spanish ships laden with gold bullion took refuge in English ports to escape the bad weather. The Situation on Elizabeth's Accession | Mind Map - GoConqr Catholic priests were ordered to leave so as not to influence the English Catholics with divided loyalties. Student / This led to a rampage of Spanish soldiers and the sacking of Antwerp. The Student Room and The Uni Guide are both part of The Student Room Group. Thereafter, up to 11,000 English Catholics were either arrested or placed under surveillance. In 1558, the same year Elizabeth became Queen of England, a number of Boston House, He then banned English trade with the Netherlands for a period of time which damaged Englands economy and caused much hardship for the English people. -Threats from Catholics in the middle years were significant e.g. By August 1986, Walsingham had gathered enough evidence to dismantle the plot. The Student Room and The Uni Guide are trading names of The Student Room Group Ltd. Register Number: 04666380 (England and Wales), VAT No. Anyone refusing to pay poor rates could be imprisoned and officials failing to organise poor relief could be fined. The treaty also stated that Mary would give up her claim to the English throne, although this was not formally agreed by Mary. Reigned: queen of England and Ireland for 44 years, from 17 November 1558 until her death in 1603. God blew and they were scattered - The National Archives Importantly too, at different points these plots were orchestrated or sponsored by the Pope and Spain and were dependent on the support of English Catholics to work, demonstrating the increasing Catholic threat to Elizabeth, internationally and domestically. At the beginning of her reign, an obvious candidate for Elizabeth to marry was her half sister's widow, Phillip of Spain. PPTX What problems did Elizabeth I face when she became Queen in 1558? Marriage to a foreign prince would ensure a foreign alliance and would have strengthened England against threats from abroad. This increased tension between England and Spain. What happened to Elizabeth I in 1554? - Answers This issue of divorce creates problems for Catholics. A very detailed response which demonstrates excellent subject knowledge and reaches a clear judgement based on justifiable criteria. The reasons for, and significance of, the Revolt of the Northern Earls, 156970. Challenges To Elizabeth At Home And Abroad - Learndojo.org However, it should be noted that one reason for the eventual crushing of the revolt is because the vast majority of Catholics in the north stayed loyal to Elizabeth and did not revolt, suggesting that Elizabeth did not face a threat from all Catholics within England, but enough of a threat to be permanently suspicious. Edward VI - Wikipedia How far do you agree with the view that Elizabeth remained single King Phillip tried to send two further Armadas in the 1590s however, both were unsuccessful. Guy states that Northumberland's success in foreign policy was due to ending Somerset's wars . What he meant by this was he had inflicted significant temporary damage on the Spanish Armada and it would regrow in time. Write a paragraph or two. Pick a key scene from the story and tell it from the third-person limited point of view, through Doodle's senses and feelings. It was the arrival of Mary which also partly contributed to the revolt of the Northern Earls in 1569, which had brief success. This significantly committed Elizabeth to support the Dutch rebels directly against the Spanish. West Yorkshire, In 1485 - 1603 To What Extent Was The Government Of England - Phdessay Edward was born on 12 October 1537 in his mother's room inside Hampton Court Palace, in Middlesex. Complete the sentence in a way that shows you understand the meaning of the italicized vocabulary word. Ironically the simple accession of Elizabeth in 1558 made any desire for a settlement so much more difficult. Even though a truce was decided, there was still a constant threat from the Scots and French to the English security . Elizabeth I (r.1558-1603) | The Royal Family Ridolfis plan was to make Mary queen by first assassinating Elizabeth and then marrying Mary to the Duke of Norfolk. After his successful raid on Cadiz, Drake sailed along the coast of Portugal and Spain, seizing Spanish ships and destroying supplies that were being sent to Lisbon for the Armada. LS23 6AD With the Popes blessing, foreign Catholic priests were smuggled into England with the sole purpose of continuing recusancy amongst the English Catholics and undermining the influence of Protestantism. Elizabeth couldn't restore authority and teachings of the Pope. [This last point is important and often students dont embrace the anomalies for fear that it will undermine their argument. As Phillip was a devout Catholic, he disliked Elizabeths religious settlement and Protestanism. As the war ended, Philip II of Spain wanted to stay on good . What Problems Did Elizabeth Face in 1558? - 844 Words | Studymode Foreign Affairs / Overview of Elizabeth I / Historical Association Elizabeth's Accession and Her Legitimacy (GCSE Example Answer - Tutor2u She managed these difficulties with great pragmatism and opportunism, reducing the threat of invasion. -Elizabeth forced to impose strict penalties against Catholics (penal laws) which enforced religious settlement and protected England against Catholic influence. In 1558, England lost its final possession - the port of Calais - in France. 214 High Street, Elizabeth I and Finances - History Learning Site "the threat of invasions was Elizabeth's main problem when she became queen in 1558" - 4th explanation - Most significant problem she faced as if she didn't have money she couldn't defend England against invasions. "the threat of invasions was Elizabeth's main problem when she became queen in 1558" - 4th point + evidence. John White (another leading colonist) sailed back to England to report on the problems being experienced. Why didn't Mary and Francis have a child? - coalitionbrewing.com LS23 6AD In 1560, Scotland was ruled by Elizabeth's cousin called Mary Queen of Scots (MQS). 214 High Street, - Financial issues may have led to her loosing powerful allies as she could not give important people grant patronages. Despite the failure of 1585, another attempt to colonise Virginia took place. 1585 Treaty of Nonsuch This significantly committed Elizabeth to support the Dutch rebels directly against the Spanish. Robert Dudley was the Earl of Leicester and during the time of the conflict involving the Netherlands, he was appointed to lead the military expedition to the Netherlands. PDF Elizabethan England 155888. (Paper 2) Model - The Oakwood Academy Phillip was warned against this mission but believed he was on a mission from God. The plots were often uncovered due to Elizabeths informants and Walsinghams highly efficient spy network. Elizabeth's legitimacy was one of many problems that Elizabeth faced when she became Queen in 1558. If Elizabeth made England a Protestant country, he could become a dangerous enemy. In the eyes of the Church of England, Henry and Catherine were divorced and then Henry could marry Anne. Protestants (notably John Knox) initially claimed female rule was unnatural or monstrous, while Roman Catholics judged . This interference greatly angered the Spanish and provoked the ire of many Catholics, who now no longer saw Elizabeth as a mediator of the status quo, but as an interfering, troublesome monarch. Why religious compromise was so difficult. This aimed to ensure poor relief was collected. Another problem Elizabeth I had when she ascended to the throne in 1558 was the problems she had with illegitimacy. The threat of invasion was Elizabeth's main problem when she became The plot was uncovered whilst Ridolfi was abroad (he never returned). The Ridolfi Plot of 1571 and later the Throckmorton and Babington Plots, of 1583 and 1586 respectively, all involved the aim of placing Mary on the throne. Boston House, The aim was to rid France of heresy (Protestantism). What were the causes of westward Pope Pius V excommunicates Elizabeth from the Catholic Church. Mary was spared. Stimulus = Mary Queen of Scots arrival in England / The sea beggars, [Examiner commentary following each paragraph and at the end is provided in italics], ____________________________________________________. This was because the society was very patriarchal, male dominated, meaning that she . Study notes, videos, interactive activities and more! This delayed the Spanish attack and gave the English more time to prepare (hence the attempted invasion of the Armada one year later in 1588). However, she was fearful of the presence of Spain in the Netherlands, who were busy putting down the Dutch Revolt from 1566 under the command of the Duke of Alba. Throughout her reign, Elizabeth was engaged in expensive financial issues, especially foreign policy. These problems included Gender, Religion, Finance and Foreign policy. Essentially, this meant England and Spain were now at war. The English navy attempted some minor raids but they were largely ineffective as only 2 Spanish ships were lost, and these were by accident. There were fewer naval ships anchored there and the port was the centre for a large number of naval supplies which Drake intended to either seize or destroy. In 1554 Mary had Elizabeth imprisoned in the Tower of London, briefly threatened her with execution, and then placed her under house arrest. To study the ways in which Henry consolidated his rule. Spain had become a great military power as Phillip ruled Spain, the Netherlands and parts of Italy. Moreover, the brazenness of these revolts was further helped by the blessing of the Pope, whose directives on recusancy and overthrowing Elizabeth were obeyed by many Catholics both domestically and internationally. Describe two threats posed by Mary Queen of Scots to Elizabeth in 1568 4. In 1558, England and Spain were still allies against France, but King Philip of Spain (who had been married to Mary) hated Protestantism with a passion. She was able to fight off illness, rebellions . France was at war with England and Spain. Freshwater supplies were lost and many tons of food rotted as the fleet eventually sailed to England in 1588. A significant amount of the Spanish troops lacked the experience of naval warfare, whereas the English fleet was manned by experienced sailors. 2. Design engineering imperial 2023 applicants, Border Force Officer - Core and Mobile teams recruitment campaign September 2022. Elizabeth was inheriting a terrible situation, which she had to sort out. In total, less than 10000 men and half the fleet made it back to Spain. Elizabeth I | Hampton Court Palace | Historic Royal Palaces Both could be serious threats to Elizabeths England. Why was the Catholic threat greater by the 1580s? 2022 Youth Conference - post conference 4 month challenge! James also pledged to help Elizabeth if invaded. Elizabeth would receive a share of the privateers profits and as Englands financial situation was poor at the time, this proved to be an incredibly important source of income for the Queen. In 1570, Pope Pius V excommunicated Elizabeth, encouraging Catholics everywhere to rise up and depose the heretic queen.
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