There are many causes of conflicts in Africa. proper role of government in society? When a war is successful, little attention is paid to its causes, but when the outcome is disastrous, understanding how it happened becomes paramount. Imperial Russia, after all, must be contained. Let me now lay out my argument in greater detail, starting with a description of the conventional wisdom about the causes of the Ukraine conflict. Recommended: Advantages and Disadvantages of Judicial Precedence. The effects of these conflicts are equally numerous. No continent on Earth has been untouched by water scarcity, and an increasing number of regions are reaching the limit at which they can provide water services sustainably, especially in arid regions. It will simply fall apart., William Burns, who is now the head of the CIA, but was the US ambassador to Moscow at the time of the Bucharest summit, wrote a memo to then-Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice that succinctly describes Russian thinking about this matter. power and resources within a society. It is on the doorstep of our house. Moreover, he has publicly spelled out his thinking about Ukraine on numerous occasions over the past two years and he has consistently emphasized that his principal concern is Ukraines relations with the West, especially NATO. Also see: Countries with the fastest growing economy in the world. Or do they think that we will just stand idly watching threats to Russia emerge? Two months later at a press conference on February 22, 2022, just days before the war started, Putin said: We are categorically opposed to Ukraine joining NATO because this poses a threat to us, and we have arguments to support this. His aim was to coerce Biden and Zelensky into altering course and halting their efforts to integrate Ukraine into the West. and ideologies that reflect the current political and social challenges and If this behavior is all part of a giant deception campaign, it would be without precedent in recorded history. In effect, the Biden administration is committed to knocking Russia out of the ranks of the great powers. and libertarianism. The alliance begantrainingthe Ukrainian military in 2014, averaging 10,000 trained troops annually over the next eight years. She is however not independent from the whims and caprices of her colonial masters. As one scholarput it, he is acting on a sinister, long-held goal: to erase Ukraine from the map of the world. Given Putins purported goals, it makes perfect sense for Finland and Sweden to join NATO and for the alliance to increase its force levels in eastern Europe. In his July 12, 2021,articleabout Russian-Ukrainian relations, which proponents of the conventional wisdom often point to as evidence of his imperial ambitions, he tells the Ukrainian people, You want to establish a state of your own: you are welcome! Regarding how Russia should treat Ukraine, he writes, There is only one answer: with respect. He concludes that lengthy article with the following words: And what Ukraine will beit is up to its citizens to decide. It is hard to reconcile these statements with the claim that he wants to incorporate Ukraine within a greater Russia. In particular, he declared that It is not our plan to occupy Ukrainian territory and made it clear that he respected Ukrainian sovereignty, but only up to a point: Russia cannot feel safe, develop, and exist while facing a permanent threat from the territory of todays Ukraine. In essence, Putin was not interested in making Ukraine a part of Russia; he was interested in making sure it did not become a springboard for Western aggression against Russia, a subject I will say more about shortly. Political leaders can be elected ocials, appointed ocials, or leaders of Two months later in September 2021, the Ukrainian army led Rapid Trident 21, which the U.S. Armydescribedas an annual exercise designed to enhance interoperability among allied and partner nations, to demonstrate units are poised and ready to respond to any crisis. NATOs effort to arm and train Ukraines military explains in good part why it has fared so well against Russian forces in the ongoing war. As we only have, of the Earths freshwater accessible to us, human activity is actively threatening our own water resources. This being the case, Africa becomes a battlefield for the advanced nations of the world who seek to control her for the benefits that they derive. Greed makes African leaders accept deals from their paymasters just to remain in power or be in power. This new rhetoric was designed to serve one essential purpose: to enable the West to blame Putin for the outbreak of trouble in Ukraine. Causes, Effects and Solutions to Conflict in Africa: Conflicts are bound to happen in a community. Africa, though richly blessed, is still largely dependent on foreign nations for solutions to her myriads of problems. Tellingly, former U.S. ambassador to Moscow Michael McFaulnotesthat Putins seizure of the Crimea was not planned before the crisis broke out in 2014; it was an impulsive move in response to the coup that overthrew Ukraines pro-Russian leader. Russian-Ukrainian relations will go into a deep freezeIt will create fertile soil for Russian meddling in Crimea and eastern Ukraine., Burns, of course, was not the only policymaker who understood that bringing Ukraine into NATO was fraught with danger. Indeed, Zelensky brieflymentionedthis possibility in the early days of the war, but he never seriously pursued it. Political ideology is a set of beliefs and values that shape an individual's Determine the dividend paid to preferred stockholders and common stockholders under each of the following scenarios. The two nations have clashed over the control of upstream water barrages and infrastructure projects for decades, which regulated water flow into Pakistan. A political machine is an organization controlled by a powerful boss or group of people who enjoy the support of a section of the population (Tuckel & Maisel 100-101). Albania, Romania, and Yugoslavia routinely caused Moscow trouble,butSoviet leaders tended to tolerate their misbehavior, because their location made them less important for deterring NATO. Why is there so much conflict in Africa? This is the other scenario, according to Avril Haines, where the Russians might turn to nuclear weapons. Similarly, in Egypt, its water supply is being threatened by the development of the, on the upstream stretch of the Nile River. We have the Anglophone Countries which do the biddings of Britain, the Francophone Countries which do the biddings of France and other countries that do the biddings of their masters. Conflicts in Africa from internal and external forces alike have had damaging effects on the continent and her people. Urbanisation and an exponential increase in freshwater demand for households are both driving factors behind water shortages, especially in regions with a precarious water supply., For example in 2018, Cape Town, South Africa experienced a water crisis and became the first modern city to effectively run out of drinking water as a result of extreme drought, poor water resource management and overconsumption.. Get focused newsletters especially designed to be concise and easy to digest. There is a danger that the United States and its NATO allies will get dragged into the fighting, which they have been able to avoid up to this point, even though they are alreadywaging a proxy waragainst Russia. The politics in this sense produces and equal opportunity for all the citizens of a country and an equal right to participate in the elections as well. Use the road map on the previous page. distributed and exercised? In effect, the issue had been taken off the table, and thus NATO enlargement could not have been an important cause of the escalating crisis in 2021 and the subsequent outbreak of war earlier this year. Water pollution can come from a number of sources, including sewage and wastewater more than 80% of the worlds wastewater flows back into the environment without being treated, and agricultural and industrial runoff, where pesticides and toxic chemicals leach into the groundwater and nearby freshwater systems. Political machines corruptly ran several major cities throughout the United States, particularly in the Northeast and Midwest where millions of immigrants had settled. The machines may have provided essential services for immigrants, but their corruption destroyed good government and civil society by undermining the rule of law. This quite nicely promotes the equality idea that we work on. John J. Mearsheimer is the R. Wendell Harrison Distinguished Service Professor of Political Science at the University of Chicago. If the plant efficiency is 80%, what is the effective capacity? Right to Vote It is because of the political system that in India, every person above 18 years of age holds an equal right to vote regardless of their caste or creed. I have repeatedly spoken about it in this hall. He then made it clear that he recognized that Ukraine was becoming a de facto member of NATO. Historically, Africa is made of people with deep sense of attachment to their cultures. The opinions expressed herein are solely those of the author. The effects of these numerous conflicts are devastating to the continent. To the extent that purveyors of the conventional wisdom provide evidence, it has little if any bearing on Putins motives for invading Ukraine. Democracy can be defined as a form of government which is being followed presently. Intense and prolonged droughts have decimated food crops and caused high rates of livestock deaths, causing food prices to soar. What caused this shift? Water pollution already kills more people each year than war and all other forms of violence combined. As I noted earlier, Putin made it clear in 2008 that Russia would wreck Ukraine to prevent it from joining NATO. Her large population and multiple tribes should have been a source of blessing to the continent, but this is not the case as almost every thing done in the continent has tribal inclinations. China operates under a one-party socialist system with Chinese The mere possibility of that outcome should send shivers down your spine. There is a popular saying that when brothers fight, the stranger benefits. and Friedrich Nietzsche. characteristics. Northerners thought slavery was the Egypt could resort to military action to protect its water resources., Water has recently joined gold, oil and other commodities that can be traded on Wall Street, prompting fears that the market could dramatically further exacerbate the effects of water shortage and increase competition.. It is increasingly evident that droughts around the world are becoming more frequent and intense, as well as are occurring at progressively prolonged periods of time. She has not been able to develop herself. One often hears the argument that in the eight years between when the crisis broke out in February 2014 and when the war began in February 2022, the United States and its allies paid little attention to bringing Ukraine into NATO. This is most demonstrable by the ongoing megadrought in the western regions of the US, where it is in the midst of its driest conditions in history., No continent on Earth has been untouched by water scarcity, and an increasing number of regions are reaching the limit at which they can provide water services sustainably, especially in arid regions. There will be no change. Putin then launched an invasion of Ukraine to eliminate the threat he saw from NATO. Global warming, where temperatures in the glacial region rose by 3- 3.5C over the past half-century, has produced less snow and ice mass, causing glacial run-off into the Yangtze to be reduced by 13.9% since the 1990s., Today, the worlds population is just short of eight billion people, which translates to a growing demand for water amid water stress from climate change. Aside from the obvious threat to public health, the subsequent effects of water shortage can vary from food insecurity to increased human conflicts, Africa is still tied to the apron strings of her colonial masters as all her policies both economic and otherwise are tailored towards the desires of her colonizers. Political Instability: Greed and the insatiable desire to cling to power have caused political unrest and instability in many African nations. How many interstate highways are shown on this map? These regional parties are successful in attracting attention to their regions and make amendments. In addition, because of the large gap between national and state government, the political machines provided a bridge between these two: they sped the process of something getting done. If A demanded B, and neither the national nor state government answered, A would look to the political machines. The United States is not seriously interested in finding a diplomatic solution to the war, which means the war is likely to drag on for months if not years. Underdevelopment and Poverty: One of the major effects of conflicts in Africa is that it has kept the country perpetually underdeveloped and poor. As the power of the notables declined, the political party emerged as the organizing force in the American system of government. Our leaders should look within, for the help they seek for out there is within us. The Looming Colorado Water Shortage Crisis. Specifically, I am talking about Americas obsession with bringing Ukraine into NATO and making it a Western bulwark on Russias border. The Soviet experience in Afghanistan is a glaring example of this phenomenon, but more relevant for the issue at hand is Moscows relations with its allies in eastern Europe. Political philosophy is the study of the fundamental concepts and ideologies. In essence, Washington played the central role in leading Ukraine down the path to destruction. Democracy can be defined as a form of government which is being followed presently. Religious extremists should know that they are first Africans before being followers of their religion. Regarding Putin, whatever one thinks of him, he does not have a history of lying to other leaders. The poor systems and ideologies. Africa achieved political independence, but with the way the leaders go about signing deals with the East and West, Africa might end up being colonised again, albeit, willingly this time around. It is sympathetic that despite her huge resources human and natural- the continent has not attained the heights expected of her. Nearly two-thirds of the worlds population, is predicted to face water shortages by 2025. Washington and its Western allies are committed to decisively defeating Russia in Ukraine and employing comprehensive sanctions to greatly weaken Russian power. The over 3,000 (three thousand) tribes in the continent spread across the various countries in the continent. Mearsheimer is the R. Wendell Harrison Distinguished Service Professor of Political Science at the University It is widely accepted among international relations scholars that there is a powerful tendency for protracted wars to escalate. These efforts eventually sparked a major crisis in February 2014, after a US-supported uprising caused Ukraines pro-Russian president Viktor Yanukovych to flee the country. When the government is not stable and at peace, there is no gainsaying the fact that conflicts will surely rise in such a nation. It therefore behooves on Africa and Africans to forge a United front and make Africa developed. American policy has two significant consequences. Since there are both positive and negative effects of Politics on a country and society. Political Machines were orgainizations that provided social services and jobs in exchange foir votes. The machines were run by a boss who in turn had precinct captains, ward captains and district captains underneath him. All of them made sure that the poor has what they needed. They also made sure the poor voted for them! PS 16 - The Causes and Effects of Political Philosophy, Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, Biological Science (Freeman Scott; Quillin Kim; Allison Lizabeth), Forecasting, Time Series, and Regression (Richard T. O'Connell; Anne B. Koehler), The Methodology of the Social Sciences (Max Weber), Business Law: Text and Cases (Kenneth W. Clarkson; Roger LeRoy Miller; Frank B. Contaminated and unsafe water is another contributing factor of water shortages. Hand-picked stories once a fortnight. The World Bank estimates that Ukraines economy will shrink by almost 50 percent over the course of 2022. Egypt could resort to military action to protect its water resources., Water has recently joined gold, oil and other commodities that, , prompting fears that the market could dramatically further exacerbate the effects of water shortage and increase competition.. This is the case with Africa as her fight is usually the gold mine for the rest of the world. As we only have less than 1% of the Earths freshwater accessible to us, human activity is actively threatening our own water resources. So many lives are lost during wars. It has many different shapes as well as many various effects, both on the economy and the society at large. democratic republic system. Power to the powerful Politics is the dirt land where the powerful holds all the power and the common man holds all the sufferings. Your email address will not be published. Global warming, where temperatures in the glacial region rose by 3- 3.5C over the past half-century, has, , causing glacial run-off into the Yangtze to be reduced by, of running out of water due to poor water management. But its true that this very system allows them to do corruption. If we could build a system like a private company, whose only aim is to take the country forward, well see countries doing unimaginable progress, especially undeveloped countries. Political leaders are responsible for making decisions that shape the for decades, which regulated water flow into Pakistan. They were a product of the Such rhetoric hardly lends itself to negotiating an end to the war. Intense and prolonged droughts have decimated food crops and caused high rates of livestock deaths, causing food prices to soar. It should be noted that political philosophy is not only for the past, but also for This way, all the regions come under the eye and equal development can be achieved for the whole country. The United States and its allies, he said, continue to pump the current Kiev authorities full of modern types of weapons. He went on tosaythat if this was not stopped, Moscow would be left with an anti-Russia armed to the teeth. Modern day conflicts in Africa came to be after the colonization of the continent. 4. Also see: How to become a successful business entrepreneur. 4. Second, the Biden administration has reacted to the outbreak of war by doubling down against Russia. 2. It allows farmers, hedge funds, and municipalities to hedge against future water availability in California. As a headline inTheWall Street Journalput it, The Secret of Ukraines Military Success: Years of NATO Training.. This is because human beings in the course of their interactions usually have interests which they wish to protect. Russian forces have conquered 20 percent of Ukrainian territory and destroyed or badly damaged many Ukrainian cities and towns. These founder effects could be good for economic development. These descendant effects are likely bad for development. It was only when the Ukraine crisis broke out in February 2014 that the United States and its allies suddenly began describing Putin as a dangerous leader with imperial ambitions and Russia as a serious military threat that had to be contained. Today, around 70% of freshwater withdrawals go into agriculture, from irrigation and pesticide to fertiliser application and sustaining livestock.
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